Electrical apparatus.



w. KUCHLING.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS. wwucnwu mm MAY 22. Wis.

1,173,004. Patented Feb. 22, 1916. l i I.

Witnesses: In vent or:

Wilhelm K6 Chung,

' by MW 'His Attom e51.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

, WILHELM KijGHLING, OF REINICKERDOBF-OST, GERMANY, ASSIGNOB T GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

the ventilation of disk coil'windin ELECTRICAL AYPARATU S.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM Kocnunu, a subject of the Kin of Prussia, residing 'at Reinickendorf-Ost, rermany, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Electrical Ap aratus, of which the followin ,is a spec! cation.

l invention relates to transformers, and to e ectrical windings adapted particularly for usein transformers,

The object of my invention isto improv;

an transformers, using the term di coil broadly. The advantages of disk coil windings an transformers are wellknown jhowevenone of the disadvantages-of this ty of apparatus, particularly noticeable -m disk coil core type transformers as heretofore commonly constructed and cooled is that the insulating and ventilating spaces between the coils aresubstantiallyperpendicular to the axis of the winding, and hence to;.the

neral direction of the flow of the insfilat-- mg and cooling fluid. In consequence the fluid does not naturally circulate readily through these spaces, and foreignmatter is deposited therein. According to my'inven tion, more or less of these spaces are inclined to the axis of the; winding so that the fl'uid more readily flows through them.

Preferably the coils are triangular in cross section and are arranged with the .bases of the triangular cross sections of the low voltage coils at the interior of the winding, and with the spaces running in a zigzag course into and out of the winding; that is, so that the passages or spaces are inclined alternately inwardly and toutwardly, ofi'er- ,ing the fluid a plurality of points of admis sion to and exit from the winding. Various modifications of this construction may-be made, however, without departing from my invention.

In the accompanying drawings and the following description, I have illustrated and described in detail a preferred embodiment of my invention.

Figure 1 is an elevation of a transformer embodying this construction, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View of a part of the transformer of Fig. 1 illustrating certain details.

In the transformer of Fig. 1 the core is the ordinary twodegged core of the common Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 22, 1915. Serial No. 29,786.

core type transformer. As may be understood from Fig.1, and as is more ap arent from F-ig. 2, the coils of this trans ormer are disk coils within the broad meaning of that term, and are solid as heretofore, that XSJQEIB so constructed as to-substantially prohibit the flow of the cooling fluid through any one coil between the turns thereof. They resemble concentric coils more or less in some of their features however. The cross secti on of each of the coils is nerallya right angle triangle, and the "fl w volta coils '11 12, etc, are so arranged that e bases of the triangular cross sections are at the interior of the winding; The high .voltage coils 13, 14, etc, are arranged with site another inclined face. The coils are separatedat theinclined facesb thes acers 15,16, etc. Thus the incline venti ating spaces or passages within the winding are provided. The winding is spaced some dis tance from the core, providing a ventilating space between the core and coils. The-adjacent high voltage coils as 13 and 14, and theadjacent low voltage coils as 11 and 12 are separated by the spacers 17 and 18, and the spaces thus formed are perpendicular to the axis of the winding since the coil cross sections are right angle trian les. The spacers are held in position b t e rods 19 extending parallel to the windin axis and within the coils. The rods 20 and plates 21 bind the coils solidly together.

Supposing the transformer illustrated is to be cooled by the natural draft of the cooling fluid (air, oil, or any other suitable fl'uid), the transformer is installed in the position illustrated in Fig. l, and the cool ing fluid flows upward in the space between the core and the coils, and also naturally tends to flow across one (inclined) face of each coil. flowing inward between such coils as 12 and 14. and flowing outward between such coils as 11 and 13. The passage thus formed by the ventilatingct spaces bet iveen of my invention.

gular cross-section,

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentfof the United States, is,-

1. A transformer comprising a core and a winding surrounding said'core, said winding comprising layersof solid high voltage and low voltage coils-of substantially trianthe bases of the triangular cross-sections of the low vpltag coils being at the interior of the winding and the bases of the triangular cross-sections of the high voltage coils,'spaced therefrom, being providing:

at the exterior of the windiigg',

, zigzag insulatingand cooling passage tween the coils.

2. An electrical winding comprising solid coils of substantially triangular cross-sec- ..tion, the opened the cross-sections of some of said coils extendin adjacent e01 s, s coed therefrom, extending inwardly provl ng a zigzag i wtwarflly and the sulating and cooling coils.

3. A transformer comprising a core a a winding surrounding said core and l tending vertically, said winding comprisi a plurality of stationary solid disk or with adjacent faces of adjacent coils elined to the vertical and spaced apart form ventilating passages.

4. A transformer comprising a core anl winding surrounding and separated fr said core, said winding comprising a p rality of stationary solid disk coils havi faces inclined to the axis of the windi spaced apart to form ventilating passage 5. An electrical winding comprising plurality of solid disk coils stationary w respect to each other having faces inclii to the axis of the winding spaced apart form ventilating passages in the winding 6. An, electrica \vindin provided w ventilating spaces'paralle to the axis and within and without, said winding, 2 other ventilating spaces inclined to the a of the winding extendin through s winding and connecting said first mentiol spaces.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto my hand this 7th day of April, 1915,

. WILHELM KOCHLING Witnesses:

RICHARD NEUMANN, BRuNo Fanunann passage between ,i 

